普通语言学纲要

普通语言学纲要

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今日特价截止至:2024-06-17 02:00:00了解详情

作品简介

普通语言学及其研究领域;语言学史,包括传统语言学、历史比较语言学和现代语言学;语言学流派及其理论方法,包括描写语言学、功能语言学、结构主义语言学、转换生成语法等;语言结构系统,包括音系学、形态学、句法学、语义学和语用学;语言学与相关学科的关系,包括心理语言学、人类语言学、社会语言学和应用语言学等。

刘振聪:应用语言学博士,现为北京第二外国语学院应用英语学院副教授、硕士生导师。学术兼职:北京第二外国语学院学术委员会应用英语学院分会委员,北京联合大学客座教授。主要研究领域包括普通语言学、认知语言学、跨文化交际、英语教学理论与实践、翻译理论与实践等,主持或参与教育部师范司“英语教学研究与论文写作”项目等多项省部级、校级教学科研项目和其它横向联系项目,在《外语教学与研究》、《英语教学》、《山东外语教学》等刊物发表论文20余篇,主编、参编教材、辞典多部。

作品目录

  1. 前言
  2. Chapter 1 Language and Linguistics
  3. Introduction:
  4. 1.What Is Linguistics?
  5. 2.The Branches of Linguistic
  6. 3.Important Distinctions in Linguistics
  7. 4.What Is Language?
  8. 5.Design Features of Language
  9. 6.Origin of Language
  10. 7.Functions of Language
  11. CASE STUDY The Tower of Babel
  12. Exercises
  13. Suggestions for Further Reading
  14. Chapter 2 Phonetics and Phonology
  15. Introduction:
  16. 1.What Is Phonetics?
  17. 2.Organs of Speech
  18. 3.Broad and Narrow Transcriptions
  19. 4.Classification of English Speech Sound
  20. 5.Classification of English Vowel
  21. 6.What Is Phonology?
  22. 7.Phone,Phoneme,and Allophone
  23. 8.Phonemic Contrast,Complementary Distribution,and Minimal Pair
  24. 9.Some Rules in Phonology
  25. 10.Suprasegmental Features
  26. CASE STUDY What Can Phonetics and Phonology Do Solve Crime?!
  27. Exercises
  28. Suggestions for Further Reading
  29. Chapter 3 Morphology
  30. Introduction:
  31. 1.What Is Morphology?
  32. 2.Word Class,Open Class and Closed Class
  33. 3.Morpheme(词素),Allomorph(词素变体),Free and Bound Morpheme,Root,Affix,Stem,Prefix and Suff
  34. 4.Derivational and Inflectional Morphem
  35. 5.Morphological Rules and Word Formation
  36. 6.Compounds(复合词)
  37. 7.Derivation(派生词)
  38. 8.Conversion(转换词)
  39. 9.Backformation(逆构词法)
  40. 10.Clipping(截断法)
  41. 11.Blending(混合词)
  42. 12.Acronym(首字母缩略词)
  43. 13.Initialism(首字母组合)
  44. 14.Invention
  45. 15.Borrowing
  46. CASE STUDY Enlarge English Vocabulary through Mobile Apps
  47. Exercises
  48. Suggestions for Further Reading
  49. Chapter 4 Semantics
  50. Introduction:
  51. 1.What Is Semantics?
  52. 2.Some Views on Meaning
  53. 3.Sense and Reference
  54. 4.Seven Types of Meaning
  55. 5.Semantic Fields
  56. 6.Componential Analysis
  57. 7.Major Sense Relations Between Words
  58. 8.Sentence and Proposition
  59. 9.Semantic Roles
  60. 10.Predication Analysis
  61. 11.Semantic Relationships Between Sentences
  62. CASE STUDY Meaning of Colors
  63. Exercises
  64. Suggestions for Further Reading
  65. Chapter 5 Syntax
  66. Introduction:
  67. 1.What Is Syntax?
  68. 2.Word-level Categories
  69. 3.The Prescriptive Approac
  70. 4.The Descriptive Approac
  71. 5.Constituent Structure Grammar
  72. 6.Systemic Functional Grammar
  73. 7.Phrase Categories and Phrase Structures
  74. 8.Phrase Structure Rule
  75. 9.The S Rule:S→NP V
  76. 10.Transformations
  77. CASE STUDY Shuōwén Jiěz?
  78. Exercises
  79. Suggestions for Further Reading
  80. Chapter 6 Pragmatics
  81. Introduction:
  82. 1.What Is Pragmatics?
  83. 2.Sentence Meaning and Utterance Meaning
  84. 3.Micropragmatics and Macropragmatics
  85. 4.Reference
  86. 5.Deixis
  87. 6.Anaphora
  88. 7.Presupposition
  89. 8.Speech Act Theor
  90. 9.Classification of Illocutionary Act
  91. 10.Indirect Speech Acts
  92. 11.The Cooperative Principle and Its Maxim
  93. 12.Conversational Implicatures
  94. 13.The Politeness Principl
  95. 14.Relevance Theor
  96. CASE STUDY The Violation of the Maxim of Quality
  97. Exercises
  98. Suggestions for Further Reading
  99. Chapter 7 Discourse Analysis
  100. Introduction:
  101. 1.What Is Discourse and Discourse Analysis?
  102. 2.Information Structure
  103. 3.Cohesion
  104. 4.Coherence
  105. 5.Discourse Markers
  106. 6.Conversational Analysis
  107. 7.Critical Discourse Analysis
  108. CASE STUDY Joke:How Man Differs from Woman
  109. Exercises
  110. Suggestions for Further Reading
  111. Chapter 8 Schools of Linguistics
  112. Introduction:
  113. 1.Traditional Grammars
  114. 2.Saussure and Modern Linguistics
  115. 3.The Prague Schoo
  116. 4.The London Schoo
  117. 5.American Structuralism
  118. 6.Chomsky’s Transformational-Generative Grammar
  119. 7.Case Grammar
  120. 8.Generative Semantics
  121. CASE STUDY International Mother Language Day
  122. Exercises
  123. Suggestions for Further Reading
  124. Chapter 9 Teaching Methodology and Testing
  125. Introduction:
  126. 1.The Grammar-Translation Method
  127. 2.The Direct Metho
  128. 3.The Audio-Lingual Metho
  129. 4.Situational Language Teaching
  130. 5.Functional Language Teaching
  131. 6.Communicative Language Teaching
  132. 7.Classification of Tes
  133. 8.The Main Types of Language Test
  134. 9.Principles of Language Testing
  135. CASE STUDY Coursera and Netease’s Open Class
  136. Exercises
  137. Suggestions for Further Reading
  138. Chapter 10 First and Second Language Acquisition
  139. Introduction:
  140. 1.Theories of Child Language Acquisitio
  141. 2.Factors in Child Language Development
  142. 3.Stages of Acquiring the First Language
  143. 4.Atypical Development of Child Language
  144. 5.The Relationship Between First and Second Language Acquisition
  145. 6.Contrastive Analysis
  146. 7.Error Analysis(EA)
  147. 8.Interlanguage
  148. 9.SLA Models and Input Hypothesis
  149. 10.Individual Difference
  150. CASE STUDY Poverty of the Stimulus
  151. Exercises
  152. Suggestions for Further Reading
  153. Chapter 11 Cognitive Linguistics
  154. Introduction:
  155. 1.Categorization and Categories
  156. 2.The Classical Theory of Categorizati
  157. 3.The Prototype Theory of Categorizati
  158. 4.Levels of Categorization
  159. 5.Conceptual Metaphor
  160. 6.Conceptual Metonymy
  161. 7.Image Schemas
  162. 8.Iconicity
  163. 9.Grammaticalization
  164. CASE STUDY Metaphors We Live By
  165. Exercises
  166. Suggestions for Further Reading
  167. Chapter 12 Language and Culture
  168. Introduction:
  169. 1.The Definition of Cultu
  170. 2.The Relationship between Language and Cultur
  171. 3.The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesi
  172. 4.Cultural Difference
  173. 5.The Significance of Cultural Teaching and Learni
  174. 6.Cultural Overlap and Diffusio
  175. 7.Cross-cultural Communication
  176. CASE STUDY Chinese Dragon vs.Western Dragon
  177. Exercises
  178. Suggestions for Further Reading
  179. Chapter 13 Sociolinguistics
  180. Introduction:
  181. 1.The Definition of Sociolinguistics and Its Sco
  182. 2.Language Varieties
  183. 3.Language Planning
  184. 4.Diglossia
  185. 5.Bilingualism and Multilingualism
  186. 6.Code-switching
  187. 7.Linguistic Taboos and Euphemisms
  188. 8.Language and Gender
  189. CASE STUDY A New York City Study by William Labov
  190. Exercises
  191. Suggestions for Further Reading
  192. Chapter 14 Psycholinguistics
  193. Introduction:
  194. 1.The Definition of Psycholinguisti
  195. 2.Research Methods in Psycholinguistics
  196. 3.Language Acquisition
  197. 4.Language Production
  198. 5.Language Comprehension
  199. 6.Language and Though
  200. CASE STUDY Rat&Food Experiment by B.F.Skinner
  201. Exercises
  202. Suggestions for Further Reading
  203. Chapter 15 Neurolinguistics
  204. Introduction:
  205. 1.The Definition of Neurolinguisti
  206. 2.The Structure and Function of the Human Brai
  207. 3.Methods in Neurolinguistics and Evidences for Lateralization
  208. 4.Aphasia
  209. CASE STUDY Neurolinguistics as an Interdisciplinary Field
  210. Exercises
  211. Suggestions for Further Reading
  212. Chapter 16 Corpus Linguistics
  213. Introduction:
  214. 1.Corpus
  215. 2.Famous Figures
  216. 3.Development of Corpus Linguistics
  217. 4.Factors to Be Considered When Designing a Corpus
  218. 5.Four Aspects Considered for A Diachronic Multipurpose Corpus
  219. 6.Text Encoding and Annotation
  220. 7.Types of Corpora
  221. 8.Taxonomies of Corpora
  222. 9.Representative Corpora
  223. 10.Features of Corpus Linguistics
  224. 11.Applications of Corpora
  225. 12.Software Programs for Corpor
  226. 13.Strengths of Corpus Linguistics
  227. 14.Weaknesses of Corpus Linguistics
  228. 15.Future Trends
  229. CASE STUDY Global Language Monitor
  230. Exercises
  231. Suggestions for Further Reading
  232. Chapter 17 Stylistics
  233. Introduction:
  234. 1.The Definition of Stylisti
  235. 2.General Features of the Literary Language
  236. 3.The Language in Poetr
  237. 4.The Language in Fictio
  238. 5.The Language in Dram
  239. 6.The Cognitive Approach to Literatur
  240. 7.Style of English for Science and Technology
  241. 8.Journalistic English Style
  242. 9.Style of English for Advertisement
  243. CASE STUDY Turn-taking Style in Translation
  244. Exercises
  245. Suggestions for Further Reading
  246. References
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